During the second stage of labor, a period of bradycardia develops. The fetal heart rate baseline variability is moderate. The most likely cause of this bradycardia is: 

The baseline fetal heart rate in this tracing is:

An electronic fetal monitoring factor that best correlates with fetal well-being is: 

A woman at 41-weeks gestation is being induced. She is 2 cm dilated and is on oxytocin at 8 milliunits /minute. Based on the fetal heart rate tracing shown, the best initial response is to:

Prenatal diagnosis shows that a fetus has renal agenesis. During delivery, what type of electronic fetal heart rate pattern is most likely to be seen due to a common complication associated with this syndrome?