Carries out routines related to the payload 

A large automated and distributed network previously compromised computers that can be simultaneously controlled to launch large-scale attacks such as denial of service. 

A vulnerability that is exploited before the software creator or vendor is even aware of its existence

An attack where social engineering techniques are used to masquerade as a trusted party to obtain important information such as passwords from the victim.

The combination of the probability of an event and its consequences, mitigated through the use of controls or safeguards