Question 1

Extinction is a process that can depend on a variety of ecological, geographical, and physiological variables. These variables affect different species of organisms in different ways, and should, therefore, yield a random pattern of extinctions. However, the fossil record shows that extinction occurs in a surprisingly definite pattern, with many species vanishing at the same time. Which of the following, if true, forms the best basis for at least a partial explanation of the patterned extinctions revealed by the fossil record?

Options :

A : Major episodes of extinction can result from widespread environmental disturbances that affect numerous different species.

B : Certain extinction episodes selectively affect organisms with particular sets of characteristics unique to their species

C : Some species become extinct because of accumulated gradual changes in their local environments

D : In geologically recent times, for which there is no fossil record, human intervention has changed the pattern of extinctions

E : Species that are widely dispersed are the least likely to become extinct.

Answer: A

Question 2

Is r − 5 a real number?

(1) r is a rational number.

(2)

is an irrational number.

Options :

A : Statement (1), BY ITSELF, will suffice to solve the problem, but NOT statement (2) by itself.

B : Statement (2), BY ITSELF, will suffice to solve the problem, but NOT statement (1) by itself

C : The problem can be solved using statement (1) and statement (2) TOGETHER, but not ONLY statement (1) or statement (2).

D : The problem can be solved using EITHER statement (1) only or statement (2) only.

E : The problem CANNOT be solved using statement (1) and statement (2) TOGETHER.

Answer: D

Question 3

There is a traffic jam in the freeway, is the number of cars getting bigger by the minute?

(1) 25 cars escape the traffic by exiting the freeway at the nearest exit every minute.

(2) 40 new cars get stuck in the traffic jam every two minutes.

Options :

A : Statement (1) BY ITSELF is sufficient to answer the question, but statement (2) by itself is not

B : Statement (2) BY ITSELF is sufficient to answer the question, but statement (1) by itself is not.

C : Statements (1) and (2) TAKEN TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, even though NEITHER statement BY ITSELF is sufficient.

D : Either statement BY ITSELF is sufficient to answer the question.

E : Statements (1) and (2) TAKEN TOGETHER are NOT sufficient to answer the question, requiring more data pertaining to the problem.

Answer: C

Question 4

From time to time, the press indulges in outbursts of indignation over the use of false or misleading information by the U.S. government in support of its policies and programs. No one endorses needless deception. But consider this historical analogy. It is known that Christopher Columbus, on his first voyage to the New World, deliberately falsified the log to show a shorter sailing distance for each day out than the ships had actually traveled. In this way, Columbus was able to convince his skeptical sailors that they had not sailed past the point at which they expected to find the shores of India. Without this deception, Columbus’s sailors might well have mutinied, and the New World might never have been discovered. The author of the passage above assumes each of the following EXCEPT:

Options :

A : Government deception of the press is often motivated by worthy objectives

B : Without government deception, popular support for worthwhile government policies and programs might well fade

C : Attacks on the government by the press are often politically motivated.

D : Deception for deception’s sake should not be condoned.

E : A greater good may sometimes require acceptance of a lesser evil.

Answer: C

Question 5

If it costs d dollars to make the first 100 copies of a poster and e dollars for each poster after that, what is the total cost of 125 posters?

Options :

A : 25d + 100e

B : 100d + 25e

C : 125de

D : d + 25e

E : 125/de

Answer: D