Question 1

Analyze the following Ruby code snippet that utilizes regular expressions for string processing:

class EmailExtractor EMAIL_REGEX = /(\b[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}\b)/ def self.extract_from(text) text.scan(EMAIL_REGEX).flatten endend text1 = "Contact us at [email protected] for assistance"text2 = "Send your feedback to: [email protected] and [email protected]"text3 = "No emails here!" result1 = EmailExtractor.extract_from(text1)result2 = EmailExtractor.extract_from(text2)result3 = EmailExtractor.extract_from(text3) What will be the values of result1, result2, and result3, respectively?

Options :

A : ["[email protected]"], ["[email protected]", "[email protected]"], []

B : ["[email protected]"], ["[email protected]"], ["[email protected]"], []

C : ["[email protected]"], nil, []

D : ["[email protected]"], ["[email protected]", "[email protected]"], nil

Answer: A

Question 2

In Ruby, effectively using blocks is essential for controlling flow and data processing. Review the following Ruby code snippet:

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]sum = 0numbers.each { |number| sum += number }squared_numbers = numbers.map { |number| number ** 2 } Based on this code, which two of the following statements are correct about the blocks used in the context of the each and map methods?

Options :

A : The each block creates a new array containing each number squared.

B : The map block returns a new array with the square of each number, while the original numbers array remains unchanged.

C : Both each and map blocks modify the original numbers array.

D : The each block iteratively adds each number in the numbers array to sum, resulting in the sum of all numbers.

E : The map block modifies the original numbers array to contain the square of each number.

Answer: B,D

Question 3

In Ruby, the use of blocks is a fundamental concept for iterating over collections and executing code repeatedly. Examine the following Ruby code snippet:

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]sum = 0numbers.each { |number| sum += number }doubled = numbers.map { |number| number * 2 } Based on this code, which two of the following statements are true regarding the use and functionality of blocks?

Options :

A : The each block creates a new array with each number in numbers incremented by 1.

B : Both each and map blocks modify the original numbers array.

C : The each block increments sum by each number in the numbers array, resulting in the sum of all elements.

D : The map block modifies the original numbers array to contain each number doubled.

E : The map block returns a new array with each number in numbers doubled, leaving the original array unchanged.

Answer: C,E

Question 4

In Ruby, which of the following literals correctly creates a Hash object with default values for undefined keys?

Options :

A : hash = { default: [] }

B : hash = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }

C : hash = Hash[:default, 0]

D : hash = {}.default(0)

Answer: B

Question 5

In Ruby programming, the correct use and understanding of operators is essential. Analyze the following Ruby code snippet:

a = 8b = 4result1 = a != bresult2 = a & b == 4result3 = (a * 2) / b Based on this code, which two of the following statements are true regarding the use and precedence of the operators?

Options :

A : result2 is true as the bitwise AND (&) operation has higher precedence than the equality (==) operator.

B : result1 evaluates to true because != checks if a and b are not equal.

C : result1 is false since != is a strict inequality operator and a is greater than b.

D : In result2, the equality (==) operation is evaluated before the bitwise AND (&) operation.

E : result3 equals 4 because division (/) has higher precedence than multiplication (*).

Answer: B,D

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